《海洋預報》| 日本海及其海峽通道潮汐與潮流特徵分析

國家海洋預報臺 發佈 2023-06-05T21:06:08.118641+00:00

日本海及其海峽通道潮汐與潮流特徵分析 全文請用PC端下載 地址:http://www.hyyb.org.cn/Magazine/Show.aspx?

日本海及其海峽通道潮汐與潮流特徵分析

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讀書小筆記

作者:王寧 陳詩堯 汪浩笛 張永垂

單位:國防科技大學氣象海洋學院, 湖南 長沙 410073

分類號:P731.23;P722.3

出版年·卷·期(頁碼):2023·40·第二期(45-55)

摘要:利用驗潮站數據和有限元解潮汐模型FES2014數據集對日本海及其海峽通道的潮汐和潮流分布特徵進行了系統分析,並對不同分潮流在海峽內分布的成因進行了一定的動力分析。結果表明:由於日本海的半封閉特性,除了海峽通道的潮汐振幅和潮流較大外,海盆內部均較小。所有分潮中,M2分潮振幅最大。朝鮮海峽北部和韃靼海峽南部各有1個半日潮無潮點,朝鮮海峽北部、津輕海峽和宗谷海峽內存在日潮無潮點。朝鮮海峽潮流強流區位於海峽西南部和對馬島南北兩側海域,半日潮流西水道強於東水道,日潮流東西水道相當,M2分潮流最強,可達60 cm/s。津輕海峽和宗谷海峽的K1和O1分潮流較強。進一步分析發現,海峽內分潮流的分布與地形及分潮的同潮時分布密切相關。日本海內部潮汐和潮流類型均以不正規半日潮為主,朝鮮海峽主要為正規半日潮汐和不正規半日潮流,津輕海峽和宗谷海峽主要為不正規半日潮汐和正規日潮流。

關鍵詞:日本海 海峽通道 潮汐 潮流

Abstract:Using tidal stations and Finite Element Solution 2014 (FES2014) tidal data set, the characteristics of tide and tidal current in the Japan Sea and its straits are analyzed systematically, and the dynamical reason for the distributions of strong current of tidal components is revealed. The results show that both the tidal amplitude and current velocity are relatively large in the Japan sea dannel and are small in the Japan sea due to the semi-closure state of the Japan Sea. M2 is the tidal constituent with the largest amplitude in the Japan Sea and its straits. There are one semi-diurnal amphidromic points located in the north of Korea Strait and the south of Tartar Strait, respectively. And there tends to be diurnal amphidromic points located in the north of Korea strait, Tsugaru Strait and Soya Strait, respectively. In the Korean Strait, the regions of southwest of the Strait and the north and south sides of Tsushima Island show strong current. The semi-diurnal current in the western channel is stronger than that in the eastern channel, while the speed of diurnal current in the two channels is almost the same as each other. M2 is the tidal component with the largest tidal current, and its maximum current velocity can reach to 60 cm/s. In the Tsugaru Strait and the Soya Strait, the tidal currents of K1 and O1 components are stronger than that of M2 and S2 components. Further analysis shows that the distribution characteristics of tidal current in the strait are closely related to the topography and the distribution of phase-lag and amplitude. The internal Japan Sea mainly shows irregular semi-diurnal tides and tidal current, the Korean Strait is dominated by regular semi-diurnal tide and irregular semi-diurnal tidal current, and both the Tsugaru Strait and the Soya Strait mainly show irregular semidiurnal tides and regular diurnal tidal current. The results of this study are helpful to systematically understand the tidal characteristics of the Japan Sea and its straits.

Key words:the Japan Sea, strait, tide, tidal current

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