TED演講者：Georgette Bennett / 喬吉特·班尼特
演講標題：3 steps to build peace and create meaningful change / 用 3 步來建立和平且有意義的變革
內容概要：As the child of Holocaust survivors and a World War II refugee herself, peace builder Georgette Bennett was stunned by the human toll and tragedy of the Syrian civil war. She got to work, bringing together historical enemies to build an aid pipeline from Israel to Syria -- a feat many considered impossible, but has since helped millions. Through this inspiring story of unlikely partnership, Bennett shares three steps for creating change and invites all of us to take action when we see someone in need.
作為大屠殺倖存者和二戰難民的孩子，和平建設者喬吉特·班尼特被敘利亞內戰的人員傷亡和悲劇震驚了。她開始為此奮鬥，召集其昔日敵人建造了一條從以色列到敘利亞的援助通道——這一壯舉許多人認為是不可能的，但後來幫助了數百萬人。通過這個令人鼓舞的近乎奇蹟的合作故事，班尼特分享了創造變革的三個步驟，並邀請我們所有人在看到需要時採取行動。
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【1】What happens when a Syrian refugee, an Israeli aid worker and an American Jew walk into a room?
當一個敘利亞難民、 一個以色列救援人員 和一個美國猶太人同時 走進一個房間會發生什麼？
【2】(Laughter) No, this is not the start of a really bad joke, I promise.
（笑聲） 不,這不是一個糟糕笑話 的開頭,我保證。
【3】This actually happened to me.
這真的發生在了我身上。
【4】Starting in 2015, I found myself holding a series of secret meetings in various European capitals with a small group of Syrian and Israeli civilians.
從 2015 年起, 我在歐洲各國首都 與一小群敘利亞和以色列平民 舉行了一系列秘密會議。
【5】And we were there to try and figure out how we can get aid to the Syrian people who were enduring the worst humanitarian crisis since World War II.
我們在那裡試圖找到向 敘利亞人民提供援助的方法, 敘利亞人民當時正經歷著自二戰 以來最嚴重的人道主義危機。
【6】But how did we end up at this table together?
但我們如何讓大家 聚在一起開會呢？
【7】After all, Syrians and Israelis are sworn enemies, and technically they've been in a state of war since 1948.
畢竟,敘利亞人和以色列人 是不共戴天的仇人, 事實上他們從 1948 年就開始打仗了。
【8】Yet here we were, literally and figuratively, trying to find a way in.
但是我們就在那兒,從各種意義上 都在試圖找到一個進入的方法。
【9】And here is the punchline of that bad joke I promised not to tell.
而我保證我今天不說 那個糟糕笑話的關鍵。
【10】We found it.
我們找到了解決問題的方法。
【11】We figured out a way to get aid into Syria through Israel.
我們意識到我們可以通過 以色列向敘利亞提供援助。
【12】Now how did we do that?
那我們是怎麼做到的呢？
【13】I applied a three-step process that I've used in a bunch of other settings, and I'm hoping that those three steps will be useful to any of you who want to do some good
我採用了一個三步流程, 我在無數的場景中使用過它, 而且我希望這三步 對來說有幫助, 尤其對那些在我們今天所面對的
【14】in the face of any of the myriad overwhelming conflicts that we're facing today, including Ukraine.
像烏克蘭事件一樣 極其嚴峻的衝突時, 想做好事的人有用。
【15】So what are my three steps?
所以這三步是什麼？
【16】Find an entry point, identify a gap, and then find something doable with which to fill that gap.
找到一個切入點, 發現其中的缺失部分, 並找到一些可行方案來解決它。
【17】It sounds pretty simple, right?
聽起來很簡單吧？
【18】So let me walk you through it.
讓我給你們講一遍具體過程。
【19】When I read a report on the Syrian war, it hit me very hard and it felt very personal.
一篇關於敘利亞戰爭的報告 深深觸動了我,而且 我個人特別能感同身受。
【20】I was stunned by the scale of the misery, and it echoed the suffering of my own family during the Holocaust.
這場災難的規模震驚了我, 它讓我想起了我家在納粹大屠殺 期間遭受的痛苦。
【21】My parents survived concentration camps in Poland and in Hungary, and after the war, we had to flee and we arrived in the US as stateless refugees.
我的父母在波蘭和匈牙利的 二戰後,我們逃離了那裡, 到美國成了無國籍難民。
【22】So when I saw the destruction of Aleppo, I was put in mind of Budapest, the city of my birth, the bombed out city of my birth.
所以當我看到阿勒頗 的毀壞情況時, 我想到了布達佩斯, 我的出生地, 那個飽經炮火洗禮的地方。
【23】And when I read about starvation by siege in Syria, I remembered my own mother who lost a pregnancy lugging a sack of rotten potatoes home because there was nothing else to eat.
而當我讀到敘利亞被圍困後, 我想到了我的媽媽, 她拖著一袋爛土豆 回家時,流產了, 因為我們沒有吃的了。
【24】And when I saw the eviscerated and emaciated corpses of Syrians who had been tortured in Damascus prisons,
當我看到在大馬士革監獄裡 瘦骨嶙峋,傷痕累累的屍體時,
【25】I also saw the walking skeletons of Auschwitz, Mauthausen and Bergen-Belsen, where so many of my own family members literally went up in smoke.
我就像看到了在奧斯維辛, 遍布的屍體, 在那裡很多我的 家人被燒成了灰燼。
【26】And when I saw Syrian refugees flooding across borders, I also recalled my own displacement as a refugee child.
當我看到敘利亞難民湧入邊境時, 我回憶起了,我當是兒童時 成為了難民,流離失所的事情。
【27】So as one person ...
所以作為一個前難民,
【28】As one person, what can you do next?
作為一個人類,接下來你能做什麼？
【29】When you're confronted with something that you know needs to be changed, you have to find an entry point.
當你遇到你想要改變的事時, 必須要找到事件的突破口。
【30】For me, that was mobilizing a Jewish response and then scaling that up to the interreligious response in the US, focused exclusively on Syria.
對我來說,那就是動員所有的猶太人 然後擴大到動員所有的美國宗教, 動員他們集中關注 到敘利亞戰爭上來。
【31】It's called the Multifaith Alliance for Syrian Refugees.
這個組織名叫敘利亞難民多信仰聯盟。
【32】And today, we have more than 100 partner organizations.
現在我們已經有 100 多個合作機構了。
【33】(Applause) I saw an opportunity to build bridges while also saving lives.
（掌聲） 我看到了建立溝通橋樑, 拯救生命的機會。
【34】And here’s how.
現在我來講講我採用了什麼方法。
【35】The southwest part of Syria was very difficult to access because it was surrounded by regime forces.
敘利亞西南部非常難進入, 因為政權武裝力量包圍了那裡。
【36】That was a gap.
而缺口是什麼呢？
【37】Israel shares a border with that part of Syria.
以色列和敘利亞在那裡接壤。
【38】And guess what?
你肯定猜不到,
【39】It's easy to get aid into southwest Syria from the Israeli side of the Golan Heights.
從以色列的格蘭高地那一側 很容易就能進入, 這樣我們就能援助敘利亞西南部了。
【40】That gave us something doable with which to fill that gap.
這給了我們填補這個空缺 提供了可行方案。
【41】All we needed was the how.
現在我們需要找到方法。
【42】And that's why my colleagues and I found ourselves in clandestine meetings all over Europe.
這就是我和我的同事 在歐洲各地召開秘密會議的原因。
【43】We were making the case that Israel should be used as a staging area for the outbound delivery of international humanitarian aid.
我們提出這樣一個議題: 以色列應成為向國外 運送國際人道主義援助的集結地。
【44】We lobbied the UK Parliament, the EU Parliament, the Canadian Parliament.
我們去英國,歐盟和加拿大的議會, 進行遊說。
【45】We banged on doors in Congress.
我們上門請求國會的支持。
【46】We met with every level of government in Israel.
我們和以色列政府上上下下 的部門都打過交道。
【47】And ...
不過.....
【48】We got nowhere.
我們一無所獲。
【49】But then it happened.
但接下來奇蹟發生了。
【50】In September 2016, the Israeli government launched Operation Good Neighbor.
在 2016 年的 9 月, 以色列政府發起了睦鄰行動。
【51】It was now official government policy to open the border so that aid from other countries could be facilitated and sent in to Syria.
現在,政府的官方政策 就是打開國門, 這樣其他國家的援助 就因此進入以色列, 並被送往敘利亞。
【52】So soon after, once we were able to get Operation Good Neighbor going, soon after, enormous cargo containers of aid -- many of them bearing goods from Syrian organizations -- were being unloaded in Israeli ports by Israeli soldiers, sent over to the Golan Heights
不久之後, 睦鄰行動就開始了, 很快裝著援助物資的巨大貨櫃, 其中許多裝載著來自 敘利亞各個機構的貨物, 被以色列士兵, 從以色列港口卸下, 然後被送到戈蘭高地。
【53】and from there, our partners on the ground in Syria would pick up the aid and distribute it to an area with a population of 1.3 million people.
在格蘭高地, 我們在敘利亞的合作 夥伴會接收援助物資, 並將其分發到一個擁有 130 萬人口的地區。
【54】We delivered 120 million dollars of aid this way.
我們通過這種方式 提供了 1.2 億美元的援助。
【55】We supported three medical facilities, a bakery that produced 15,000 pitas a day.
我們援助了三個醫療設備, 一個可以每天生產 15000 張皮塔餅的麵包烘房。
【56】The Israelis provided water, fuel, electricity.
以色列人提供了水, 燃料以及電力。
【57】We shipped medical equipment, ambulances, food, clothing, sanitary kits, medicine, whatever else was needed.
我們運送了醫療設備、救護車、 食物、衣服、急救包、藥品, 以及其他必需品。
【58】And by working through local councils, we were able to help stabilize an entire region.
通過與地方議會合作, 我們能夠幫助穩定整個地區。
【59】For two years, this was the only part of Syria that worked.
兩年來,這是敘利亞唯一 能接收援助物資的地方。
【60】But then, because of an incursion by the regime and its allies, that area was completely taken over and destroyed.
但是後來,由於反對 派政權及其盟友的入侵, 該地區被反對派完全占領和摧毀。
【61】But that did not stop us.
但我們也沒有因此停下腳步。
【62】We expanded our deliveries to other hard-to-reach parts of Syria.
我們擴大了對敘利亞 其他偏遠地區的援助。
【63】Today we have delivered nearly 245 million dollars in aid.
今天我們已經向當地提供了 近 2.45 億美元的援助。
【64】(Applause) It wasn't easy and it wasn't without hiccups.
（掌聲） 這件事並不簡單, 也不是一氣呵成的。
【65】But by working with these unlikely partnerships, we were able to help more than two and a half million war victims and still counting.
但是通過與這些 難以想像的夥伴合作, 我們能夠幫助 250 多萬戰爭受害者, 而且這個數目還在增加。
【66】(Applause) Now, here's the great news.
（掌聲） 好消息來了。
【67】You don't have to go to a war zone to do this.
你不必前往戰亂區域 就能做到這些。
【68】I've applied my formula in a bunch of other settings.
我把這個方法用到了 很多不同的場景。
【69】So let me share a couple of quick stories with you.
所以讓我快速地給 你們講幾個例子。
【70】Early in my career, 1971, to be exact, I was living a life of crime.
在我職業生涯的早期, 1971 年, 確切地說,當時我過著 「罪犯」一樣的生活。
【71】Crime prevention, that is.
其實是防範別人對我進行犯罪。
【72】(Laughter) I was also deeply immersed in the women's movement.
（笑聲） 我也深深地沉浸在婦女運動中。
【73】So where could I make a difference?
那麼我在哪裡可以有所作為呢？
【74】My entry point was the New York City Police Department.
我的切入點是紐約市警察局。
【75】Victims of sexual assault were being very badly treated.
性侵犯的受害者受到 非常惡劣的對待。
【76】That was a gap.
這是一個空缺點。
【77】The doable way to fill that gap was to set up the first sex crimes unit in the country.
能填補這個空缺的可行方案, 就是成立全國第一個性犯罪部門。
【78】Well, today we've got "Law and Order: SVU" to tell us how it's done.
現在看《法律與秩序: 特殊受害者》就知道該怎麼做。
【79】In fact, they've been telling us how it's done for the past 23 seasons.
事實上,在已播出的 23 季里, 他們一直在告訴我們該做什麼。
【80】But back then, back then, this was a new idea.
但是在 1971 年, 這一切還沒有成型。
【81】I've done the same thing with large corporations.
我也在大企業中 進行過同樣的改革。
【82】When the new millennium was approaching, the human resources field was laser-focused on workplace 2000, with diversity being a key goal.
當新的千禧年來臨時, 人力資源領域聚焦於建立 適合新千年的工作環境, 特別是要把其多樣性放在第一位。
【83】But religion was very rarely looked at as an aspect of workplace diversity.
而大家在考慮多樣性時, 宗教總是被忽略。
【84】Yet if you looked at the changing demographics, it was obvious that this was going to be a big issue.
然而,如果你看看不斷變化 的人口統計數據, 很明顯這將成為一個大問題。
【85】So that was a gap.
所以這就是空缺。
【86】Another organization I founded, the Tanenbaum Center for Interreligious Understanding, found a doable way to fill that gap by guiding major corporations in accommodating religious beliefs in the workplace.
我創立的另一個組織, 塔南鮑姆宗教間理解中心, 找到了一個可行的方法 來填補這一空缺, 就是指導大公司 在工作中如何適應宗教信仰。
【87】Well, it's been a long road to Syria from my early forays as a professional change agent.
從我早期作為職業變革推動者的嘗試 再到援助敘利亞, 這是一條漫長的道路。
【88】But when I saw the Syrian tragedy unfold, a biblical verse, Leviticus 19:16, kept reverberating in my brain.
但是當我看到敘利亞的悲劇開始時, 聖經中利未記 19 章 16 節的詩句 一直盤旋在我腦海中。
【89】'"Thou shalt not stand idly by while the blood of your neighbor cries out from the earth."
「你不可在你的族人中, 到處搬弄是非, 也不可危害你的鄰舍。」
【90】Well, that's why I got to work.
這就是我奮鬥的原因。
【91】I hope you will, too.
希望你們也以此奮鬥。
【92】Thank you.
謝謝大家！
【93】(Applause)