編者按：「決策者」（Decision Makers）是一個全球平台，供決策者分享他們對當今世界重大事件的見解。作者劉華是世界智慧財產權組織中國辦事處主任。文章僅代表作者觀點，而非本台觀點。
Editor's note: Decision Makers is a global platform for decision makers to share their insights on events shaping today's world. Liu Hua is the director of World Intellectual Property Organization Office in China. The article reflects the author's opinions and not necessarily the views of CGTN.
當前的國際發展趨勢為智慧財產權體系建設和全球智慧財產權治理帶來了新的挑戰和機遇。百年未有之大變局和新冠肺炎疫情全球大流行交織疊加，使得世界充滿不確定性，但可以肯定的是，智慧財產權未來在重建經濟和實現可持續發展中的作用將繼續提升。
The current international development trends bring new challenges and opportunities for building the intellectual property (IP) system and global IP governance. The world is full of uncertainties on account of changes unseen in a century, as well as the global pandemic outbreak, but what is certain is that the role of IP will continue to rise in rebuilding the economy and achieving sustainable development.
世界智慧財產權組織是聯合國負責智慧財產權與創新、創造的專門機構，也是一座富含知識財富的金礦。作為世界智慧財產權組織在中國的延伸，世界智慧財產權組織駐華辦事處(WOC)致力於向內和向外兩大方向開展工作。向外，推動中國在世界舞台上的創新發展；向內，推廣WIPO全球智慧財產權保護和服務體系，從而促進中國經濟社會的發展。
As the specialized agency of the United Nations responsible for IP, innovations and creativity, the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) is often referred as a golden knowledge asset. As an extension of WIPO in China, the work of the WIPO Office in China (WOC) is twofold, both inward and outward. By outward, the WOC promotes China's innovative development on the world stage; and by inward, the WOC promotes WIPO's global IP protection services to contribute to China's economic and social development.
中國已成為全球創新格局的重要一極
China has become an important pole in the global innovations' landscape
隨著全球創新集群東移至亞洲，中國逐漸成為全球創新格局中的重要一極，奠定了全球創新領導者的地位。中國在2021年全球創新指數(GII 2021)中排名第12位，在本國專利、商標、工業品外觀設計申請量和創意產品出口等指標方面均居世界首位，工業品外觀設計申請量占全球申請總量的55%。中國是GII前15強中唯一的中等收入經濟體，且正在敲響GII前10強的大門。2022年，中國首次擁有與美國同樣多的頂級科技集群，各為21個；世界十大頂級科技集群中，中國占據三席，「深圳-香港-廣州」、「北京」、「上海-蘇州」分別位居第2、第3、第6位。
With the eastward shift of the cluster of innovations in Asia, China has gradually become an important pole in the global innovations' landscape, establishing itself as a global innovations' leader. China rose to the 12th place in the Global Innovation Index 2021 (GII 2021), ranking first in the world in terms of the filings of patents, trademarks and industrial designs by origin and the creative goods exports, with industrial design applications accounting for 55 percent of all global filings. China is the only middle-income economy in the GII Top 15 and is knocking on the door of the GII Top 10. In 2022, for the first time, China has as many top science and technology clusters as the U.S., with 21 apiece; China holds three of the world's top 10 top science and technology clusters, with Shenzhen-Hong Kong-Guangzhou, Beijing and Shanghai-Suzhou ranked second, third and sixth respectively.
同時，智慧財產權在中國建設創新型國家的進程中發揮著巨大潛力。近年來，中國政府在智慧財產權領域頒布了一系列重要政策性文件，建立健全智慧財產權保護和應用體系已列入「十四五」規劃；《智慧財產權強國建設綱要（2021-2035年）》提出了建設中國特色、世界水平的智慧財產權強國這一總體目標，《「十四五」國家智慧財產權保護和運用規劃》對中國未來五年的智慧財產權工作進行了全面部署，提出了到2025年每萬人擁有12件高價值發明專利的目標。
Meanwhile, IP has great potential in China's journey to build an innovative-oriented country. In recent years, China has promulgated important policy documents in the field of IP. Building a sound system for IP protection and application has been included in the 14th Five-Year Plan. The Guidelines for Building a Powerful Intellectual Property Nation (2021-2035) sets out the overall goal of building a world-class IP power with Chinese characteristics. The 14th Five-Year National Plan for the Intellectual Property Protection and Application draws comprehensive plans for China's IP work in the next five years, setting a target of 12 high-value invention patents per 10,000 people by 2025.
中國在智慧財產權保護和智慧財產權商業化方面取得了不俗的成績。令人可喜的是，2022年5月5日《工業品外觀設計國際註冊海牙協定》在中國正式生效。當日，中國企業就通過海牙體系提交了100多件外觀設計國際申請，充分體現了中國企業對智慧財產權保護工作的高度重視，以及中國企業積極融入全球智慧財產權生態系統的強烈意願。
China has made notable achievements in IP protections and commercialization. It is encouraging to observe that on May 5, 2022, when the Hague Agreement Concerning the International Registration of Industrial Designs officially entered into force in the country, Chinese companies filed more than 100 international applications for industrial designs through the Hague System, demonstrating much importance that Chinese companies attach to IP protections and their strong willingness to integrate into the global IP ecosystem.
地標保護為中國鄉村振興保駕護航
Geographical indications protection underpins China's rural revitalization campaign
當今消費品市場以品質為導向，原產地名稱和地理標誌是強大的品牌營銷工具，可以滿足市場對基於傳統原產地的優質產品日益增長的需求。同時，地理標誌作為最古老的無形財產形式和重要的智慧財產權形式之一，能夠幫助提升產品原產地的國際知名度和國際競爭力。
In today's quality-oriented consumer goods market, appellations of origin and geographical indications (GIs) are powerful branding and marketing tools that can meet the growing market demand for quality products based on their traditional origins. Meanwhile, GIs, as one of the oldest forms of intangible property and a crucial feature of IP, can enhance the international visibility and competitiveness of a product's place of origin.
中國是一個有著五千年文化積澱的文明古國，有著悠久的農業和手工業發展歷史。中國盛產的高品質農產品、手工藝品很多已經在國際上得到了一致認可和好評。普洱茶、哈密瓜、藍田玉、鎮江香醋、吳江絲綢、庫爾勒香梨、景德鎮瓷器、陽澄湖大閘蟹、鄂爾多斯細毛羊等等一系列中國地標已然成為優質產品的代名詞。
China is an ancient civilization with 5,000 years of cultural history and long history of agricultural and handicraft development. Many high-quality agricultural products and handicrafts produced in China have earned international recognition and reputation. A series of Chinese GIs seen in local specialties, such as Pu'er tea, Hami melon, Lantian jade, Zhenjiang vinegar, Wujiang silk, Korla pear, Jingdezhen porcelain, Yangcheng Lake hairy crab, Ordos fine wool sheep, have become the synonyms of sound quality.
地標保護已成為中國促進脫貧攻堅、鄉村振興和城鄉融合，走共同發展道路的有效路徑。2020年12月，WIPO中國辦事處曾到訪湖南省張家界市桑植縣，調研地理標誌產品「桑植粽葉」案例。由於智慧財產權的加持，桑植成為全國最大的粽葉出口基地，產品出口到東南亞等地的16個國家和地區，年銷售量達8000噸以上，年銷售總產值達1.2億多元(約合1700萬美元)。因此，地理標誌保護成為當地消除貧困、增加收入、實現綠色發展的有效手段。
GI protection has become an effective path for China to engage in poverty alleviation, rural revitalization and urban-rural integration, with the potential of leading to common development. In December 2020, the WOC visited Sangzhi County in the city of Zhangjiajie, Hunan Province, for the field research of the GI product "Sangzhi reed leaves." As a beneficiary of the IP system, Sangzhi County has become the largest export base for reed leaves, which are exported to 16 countries and regions including Southeast Asia, with an annual sales volume of over 8,000 tons and total revenue of over 120 million Chinese yuan (about $17 million). Therefore, GI protection has become an effective means to eliminate poverty, increase income and achieve green development in the local area.
同時，地標保護也為中國品牌實現品牌溢價和規模化發展提供了有效助推。2020年9月12日，中國與歐盟簽署《中歐地理標誌協定》，2021年3月1日正式生效。該協定是中國與外方簽署的第一個全面的、高水平的地理標誌保護雙邊協定，體現了中國對推動中國豐富地理標誌資源「走出去」的決心，也體現了中歐經貿合作的進一步加強。入選首批中歐地理標誌產品互認互保名錄的「潛江龍蝦」，2022年其品牌價值達到288.9億元(約合41.2億美元)，同比增長14.7%，還成為2022年北京冬奧會小龍蝦唯一供應地。
Moreover, GI protection also provide a boost for Chinese brands to gain brand premiums and scale up production and sales. On September 14, 2020, China and the European Union signed the China-EU Agreement on Geographical Indications, which came into effect on March 1, 2021. This agreement is China’s first comprehensive and high-level bilateral agreement on GI protection. It reflects the country's commitment to amplify the attractiveness of its rich GI resources in the global market; it also reflects the strengthening of China-EU economic and trade cooperation. The "Qianjiang crayfish," which was selected for the first batch of GI products protected and recognized in China and EU markets, has a brand value of 28.89 billion Chinese yuan (about $4.12 billion) in 2022, up 14.7 percent YoY. Qianjiang County also served as the sole source of crayfish supply for the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games.
中國地域廣袤，資源豐富，歷史悠久，產生了大批具有鮮明地域特點的農、林、牧、漁產品及傳統工藝產品，這些產品的特點使其自然地形成品牌效益，並開發成為地理標誌產品，其中很多都是當地經濟的重要組成部分甚至是支柱產業，極具進軍國際市場的潛力，成為當地的福音。
With its vast territory, diverse resources and long history of development, China has produced a large number of local specialties with distinctive regional characteristics in agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, fishery and traditional crafts. Their special qualities have granted themselves brand premiums and have been developed into GI products, many of which are a major part of the local economy or even pillar industries, with tremendous potential to enter the international market and turn into a boon for the local area.
WIPO希望與中國在地理標誌保護方面開展合作，並提供支持，共同促進具有獨特品質和中國特色的地理標誌產品走向國際市場，讓更多的中國地理標誌產品能夠通過WIPO的里斯本國際原產地名稱和地理標誌體系走向世界。
WIPO looks forward to cooperating with China in the protection of GIs and providing support to jointly promote GI products with unique qualities and Chinese characteristics in the international market, so that more Chinese GI products can reach the world's markets through the Lisbon system – the International System of Appellations of Origin and Geographical Indications administered by WIPO.
回望過去50年，中國一直是WIPO相關工作的主要貢獻者。WIPO旨在建設一個平衡、包容、充滿活力又具有前瞻性的全球智慧財產權生態體系，並在人工智慧、大數據、區塊鏈等新技術新風口與中國加強合作，共同打造國際智慧財產權發展的新高地，加強區域合作，攜手譜寫發展的新篇章。
Looking back over the past 50 years, China has been a major contributor to the work of WIPO. WIPO is committed to build an inclusive, balanced, vibrant and forward-looking global IP ecosystem, and will also strengthen cooperation with China on new technologies, such as in artificial intelligence, big data and blockchain, working together on international IP development and ushering in a new chapter of development together.