每日外刊 | 0205-英國最新發現的濕巾小島

viewworld明 發佈 2023-02-05T15:22:53.965268+00:00

Britons dispose of 11bn wet wipes a year. They clean the nation's babies and homes, and help disinfect its hospitals and care homes. But they also block sewers when they are flushed: a report in 2017 by Water UK, an industry body, found that wipes made up 93% of the material obstructing sewers. Even those that claim to be 「biodegradable」 do not necessarily decompose quickly enough to avoid clogging waterways. And some 90% of them contain microplastics, which leach into water and into the digestive systems of fish and humans .

背景知識

一座有兩個網球場那麼大的小島「改變了」了泰晤士河的河道,而這座小島是用濕巾建造的。活動人士定期梳理漢默史密斯橋附近河岸上的淤泥,在那裡他們發現每平方米多達150塊濕紙巾。根據工黨議員弗勒·安德森的說法,英國每年使用110億「一次性」產品,給環境造成了難以估量的問題,並因堵塞管道造成了高達1億英鎊的破壞。政府正在考慮禁止使用濕紙巾。


正文閱讀

Britain's newest islets are made of wet wipes

英國最新發現的濕巾小島

The British isles is acquiring some new additions. These nascent islets are not made of granite or limestone, but of agglomerations of wet wipes and mud. The largest is a metre deep, spans the width of two tennis courts and sits at a bend in the Thames by Hammersmith Bridge in London. It was measured last summer by volunteers from Thames21, a charity, which has been tracing the formation of such monstrosities for seven years. It reckons that there are at least nine wet-wipe islets in the Thames, and that smaller ones may be forming in the bends of other rivers.

不列顛群島正不斷出現一些新生事物。這些新出現的小島不是花崗岩或石灰石構成的,而是由濕紙巾和泥漿堆積而成。其中最大的坐落在倫敦泰晤士河段的一個拐彎處,毗鄰倫敦漢默史密斯大橋,高達一米,有兩個網球場的寬度。此數據由慈善機構Thames21的志願者於去年夏天測量,該機構追蹤這類奇形怪狀東西的形成已有7年之久。據估計,泰晤士河至少有9個濕巾小島,那些較小的可能出現在其他沿途河流的拐彎處。

Britons dispose of 11bn wet wipes a year. They clean the nation's babies and homes, and help disinfect its hospitals and care homes. But they also block sewers when they are flushed: a report in 2017 by Water UK, an industry body, found that wipes made up 93% of the material obstructing sewers. Even those that claim to be "biodegradable" do not necessarily decompose quickly enough to avoid clogging waterways. And some 90% of them contain microplastics, which leach into water and into the digestive systems of fish and humans (Britons manage to ingest a credit-card-size piece of plastic each week, according to the World Wildlife Fund).

英國人每年要扔掉110億張濕巾。在當地,濕巾被用來清潔嬰兒和打掃家庭衛生,醫院和養老院也會用它消毒。但沖馬桶時,它們也會堵塞下水道:英國水務行業協會(Water UK)2017年的一份報告發現,在堵塞下水道的物質中,濕巾占93%。即使那些號稱是「可生物降解的」濕巾,降解速度也不一定快到可以避免堵塞下水道。這些濕巾中大約90%含有塑料纖維,這些微塑料會侵入水中,進入魚類包括人類的消化系統(根據世界野生動物基金會的數據,英國人每周會攝入一塊信用卡大小的塑料)。

A few retailers, such as Tesco and Boots, have put a stop to the sale of all wipes that contain plastic. And alternative products are emerging. Wype, a natural gel that is applied to toilet paper, is the invention of Giorgia Granata, an Italian expat mourning Britain's lack of bidets. FlushAway is a dissolvable wipe.

像一些樂購(Tesco)和博姿(Boots)這樣的零售商,已停止銷售所有含塑料的濕巾。替代產品開始頻頻出現。喬治婭·格拉納塔(Giorgia Granata)是居住在英國的義大利人,英國坐浴盆的普及程度讓她倍感憂傷,於是發明了一種用於衛生紙的天然凝膠Wype。FlushAway則是一款可溶解的濕巾。


今日單詞

  • islet/ˈaɪlət/ n. 小島,非常小的島嶼;
  • be made of 由…所組成;由…造成;
  • wipe/waɪp/ n. (濕)抹布,紙巾;
  • isle/aɪl/ n.(常用於詩歌和名稱中)島;
  • acquire/əˈkwaɪər/ vt. 獲得,得到;
  • addition/əˈdɪʃ(ə)n/ n. 增加物,新增人員;
  • nascent/ˈneɪs(ə)nt/ adj. 新興的,新生的;萌芽的;
  • granite/ˈɡrænɪt/ n. 花崗岩;花崗石;
  • limestone/ˈlaɪmstoʊn/ n. 石灰岩;
  • agglomeration/əˌɡlɑːməˈreɪʃn/ n. (雜亂聚集的)團,塊,堆;聚集;
  • mud/mʌd/ n. 泥,淤泥,泥漿;
  • span/spæn/ vt. 橫跨;跨越;
  • width/wɪdθ/ n. 寬度,廣度;
  • bend/bend/ n. (道路或河流的)拐彎,彎道;
  • Thames/temz/ n. (倫敦的)泰晤士河;
  • Hammersmith Bridge 漢默史密斯橋;
  • charity/ˈtʃærəti/ n. 慈善組織,慈善機構;
  • trace/treɪs/ vt. 查出;找到;發現;追蹤;
  • formation/fɔːrˈmeɪʃ(ə)n/ n. 組成物;形成物;
  • monstrosity/mɑːnˈstrɑːsəti/ n. 巨大而醜陋之物(尤指建築);
  • reckon/ˈrekən/ vt. 估算,計算;
  • Briton/ˈbrɪtn/ n. 英國人;
  • dispose/dɪˈspoʊz/ vi. 處理;處置;
  • disinfect/ˌdɪsɪnˈfekt/ vt. 給…消毒;
  • block/blɑːk/ vt. 阻塞,堵塞(道路、管道等);
  • sewer/ˈsuːər/ n. 下水道;
  • flush/flʌʃ/ vt. 沖(抽水馬桶);
  • Water UK 英國水協;
  • obstruct/əbˈstrʌkt/ vt. 阻塞;
  • claim to be 自稱,號稱;
  • biodegradable/ˌbaɪoʊdɪˈɡreɪdəb(ə)l/ adj. 可生物降解的;
  • decompose/ˌdiːkəmˈpoʊz/ vi. (使)分解;
  • clog/klɑːɡ/ vt. 阻塞,堵塞;
  • waterway/ˈwɔːtərweɪ/ n. 水路;航道;排水溝;
  • microplastic/ˈmaɪkroʊplæstɪk/ n. 微塑料,塑料微粒;
  • leach/liːtʃ/ vi. 過濾;濾去;
  • digestive /daɪˈdʒestɪv/ adj. 消化的,與消化有關的;
  • manage to 設法;達成;
  • ingest/ɪnˈdʒest/ vt. 攝入;食入;咽下;
  • World Wildlife Fund 世界野生動物基金會;
  • retailer/ˈriːteɪlər/ n. 零售商,零售店;
  • Tesco/teskəu/ n. 特斯科,樂購(財富500強公司之一);
  • Boots/bu:ts/ n. 博姿(英國健康美容藥妝老店);
  • put a stop to 制止;停止;
  • alternative /ɔːlˈtɜːrnətɪv/ adj. 可供選擇的, 可供替代的;
  • gel/dʒel/ n. 凝膠;
  • apply/əˈplaɪ/ vt. 應用,運用;
  • expat/ˌeksˈpæt/ n. 旅居國外者,僑民;
  • mourn/mɔːrn/ vt.(因失去…而)哀悼,憂傷;
  • lack of 沒有,缺乏;不足,不夠;
  • bidet/bɪˈdeɪ/ n. 坐浴盆;
  • dissolvable/dɪˈzɑlvəbl/ adj. 可溶解的;可分解的;可解散的;


素材來源

文本選自:The Economist(經濟學人)

作者:Unknown

原文發布時間:31 Jan. 2023


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