每日外刊 | 0430-加州「大融化」已經開始

viewworld明 發佈 2023-04-30T10:10:10.348152+00:00

Already, the bed of Tulare Lake, which was the largest body of fresh water west of the Mississippi River before it was drained, has begun to refill in Kings County, submerging the great stretches of prime agricultural land and major dairy operations that took its place. And only about 5 percent of the snowpack has melted so far, according to Swain. Municipalities and private landowners have been trying to corral the flow of water into a web of levees. But even so, Tulare Lake, which covered an area larger than Manhattan when Soumya Karlamangla and I wrote about it a few weeks ago, has more than tripled in size since then, local authorities say.

背景知識

據美國《洛杉磯時報》網站4月3日報導,美國加利福尼亞州官員表示,該州今年年初的潮濕寒冷天氣可能導致了70多年來記錄到的最厚積雪,積雪融化可能在當地引發春季大洪水。

根據《洛杉磯時報》對雪量傳感器數據的分析結果,加州積雪厚度非常深,目前的存水量約相當於在大約3000萬英畝(1英畝合4046.8平方米)土地上覆蓋1英尺(1英尺合0.3米)深的水——比美國最大水庫米德湖的蓄水量還要多。


正文閱讀

『The Big Melt』 Has Begun in California

加州「大融化」已經開始

It finally feels like spring in California, always a half-full kind of season. Earth Day celebrations this weekend saw temperatures in the 80s in some parts of the state. After the driest three years on record, the storms that hammered the state all winter have effectively banished the drought and left reservoirs brimming. A wildflower 「super bloom」 is running rampant, as my flower-loving colleague Jill Cowan reported recently.

加州的春天終於來了,這永遠是一個充滿希望的季節。在周末世界地球日的慶祝活動,該州部分地區的氣溫達到了80多華氏度(27-32℃)。在經歷了有史以來最為乾旱的三年之後,整個冬天加州遭風暴肆虐,有效地解除了乾旱,水庫也蓄滿了水。正如我愛花的同事吉爾·考恩(Jill Cowan)最近報導的那樣,野花正在瘋狂「盛開」。

On the half-empty side, though, a hard reckoning is coming. Financial losses from the storms are expected to add up into the many billions of dollars, and that’s not even counting a bumper crop of potholes on the state’s streets, roads and freeways. Now, an immense wall of snow has started to drain from the Sierra Nevada as the skies warm over a near-record snowpack. 「The Big Melt is now officially arriving,」 Daniel Swain, a climate scientist at the University of California, Los Angeles, tweeted late last week.

然而,從悲觀的角度來說, 即將面臨的是殘酷的局面。風暴造成的經濟損失預計將達到數十億美元,這還不包括該州街道、公路和高速公路上大量坑坑窪窪的路面。加州接近創紀錄水平的積雪隨著(上空)天氣變暖,內華達山脈一堵巨大的雪牆現已開始逐漸融化。加州大學洛杉磯分校的氣候科學家丹尼爾·斯溫(Daniel Swain)上周晚些時候在推特上寫道,「積雪大融化現在正式開始了」。

Already, the bed of Tulare Lake, which was the largest body of fresh water west of the Mississippi River before it was drained, has begun to refill in Kings County, submerging the great stretches of prime agricultural land and major dairy operations that took its place. And only about 5 percent of the snowpack has melted so far, according to Swain. Municipalities and private landowners have been trying to corral the flow of water into a web of levees. But even so, Tulare Lake, which covered an area larger than Manhattan when Soumya Karlamangla and I wrote about it a few weeks ago, has more than tripled in size since then, local authorities say.

圖拉雷湖在乾涸之前是密西西比河以西最大的淡水湖,在金斯縣,湖床已經開始重新被填滿水,淹沒了原來大片優質農田和主要乳製品生產。據斯溫說,到目前為止,只有大約5%的積雪融化了。市政當局和私人土地所有者一直在努力讓堤壩防護網阻止水流入。但即便如此,當地政府表示,在蘇米亞·卡拉曼拉(Soumya Karlamangla)和我幾周前寫有關它的文章時,圖拉雷湖的面積比曼哈頓還大,自那以後已經擴大了兩倍多。


今日單詞

  • melt /melt/ n. 融化,融合;熔化的金屬,熔化物;
  • half-full /hæf fʊl/ adj. 半滿的;半飽的;樂觀的;
  • Earth Day 世界地球日;
  • see /siː/ vt. 見證;(某個時間或地點)遭受,經歷;
  • temperature/ˈtemprətʃər/ n. 溫度,氣溫;
  • on record 記錄在案的;公開發表的;
  • storm /stɔːrm/ n. 暴風雨,暴風雪,風暴;
  • hammer /ˈhæmər/ vt.(用錘子)敲擊;用力敲打,猛踢;強行灌輸,反覆強調;
  • banish /ˈbænɪʃ/ vt. 驅逐,趕走;將…驅逐出境,流放;清除,消除;
  • drought/draʊt/ n. 長期缺乏,嚴重短缺;乾旱,旱災;
  • reservoir /ˈrezərvwɑːr/ n. 水庫,蓄水池;
  • brim /brɪm/ vi.(使)滿,盛滿;充滿;
  • wildflower /ˈwaɪldˌflaʊər/ n. 野花;
  • bloom /bluːm/ n. 花,花朵;花期;
  • rampant /ˈræmpənt/ adj. 泛濫的,猖獗的;(植物)過於繁茂的,瘋長的;
  • colleague /ˈkɑːliːɡ/ n. 同事,同僚;
  • half-empty/hæf ˈempti/ adj. 半空的;悲觀的;
  • reckoning /ˈrekənɪŋ/ n. 計算;清算;算帳;
  • add up 合計;
  • bumper /ˈbʌmpər/ adj. 豐收的,豐盛的;巨大的,大號的;
  • pothole /ˈpɑːthoʊl/ n. 壺穴,坑窪;
  • freeway /ˈfriːweɪ/ n. <美>高速公路;
  • immense /ɪˈmens/ adj. 極大的,巨大的;無邊無際的;
  • drain /dreɪn/ vi.(使)排出,濾干;喝光,喝乾;使勞累,使疲憊;(使)逐漸消失;使降低,消耗;
  • Sierra Nevada n. 內華達山脈(美國加利福尼亞州東部的花崗岩塊狀山脈);
  • near-record/nɪr ˈrekərd/ adj. 幾乎創紀錄的;接近紀錄的;
  • snowpack /ˈsnoʊˌpæk/ n. [水文] 積雪場;
  • bed /bed/ n. 床;基礎;河底,海底;
  • Tulare Lake n. 圖萊里湖(美國加利福尼亞州的淡水旱湖);
  • fresh water 湖水,[地質] 淡水;
  • refill /riːˈfɪl; ˈriːfɪl/ vi. 被再注滿;再裝滿;再充滿;
  • Kings County n. 金斯縣 (新斯科舍省);
  • submerge /səbˈmɜːrdʒ/ vt.(使)潛入水中,(使)沒入水中,浸沒;湮沒,掩蓋(思想、感情等);使(自己)集中精力於,使(自己)沉浸於;
  • stretch /stretʃ/ n.(土地或水域的)一片,一段;(時間)連續的一段,持續;
  • prime /praɪm/ adj. 主要的,首要的;
  • dairy /ˈderi/ adj. 奶制的,乳品的;
  • take its place 取代了它的位置,取而代之;
  • municipality /mjuːˌnɪsɪˈpæləti/ n. 市政當局;自治市;
  • private landowner 私有土地業權人;
  • corral /kəˈræl/ vt. 把(馬、牛)關進畜欄;把(一群人)集中關在一起;將(車輛)圍作車陣;捉住;
  • levee /ˈlevi/ n. 堤壩;碼頭;
  • Manhattan /mənˈhætən/ n. 曼哈頓島(美國的一個區);
  • triple /ˈtrɪp(ə)l/ vi.(使)成為三倍,(使)增加兩倍;


素材來源

文本選自:The New York Times(紐約時報)

作者:Shawn Hubler

原文發布時間:25 Apr. 2023


每日美句

The greatest of faults is to be conscious of none.

種種過錯中最大的過錯,就在於不承認任何過錯。

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