每日外刊 | 0124-尋找外星人的想法越來越有創意

viewworld明 發佈 2023-01-27T06:32:42.586143+00:00

要麼如此,要麼它們離得足夠近,可以從現有的調查數據中探測到。But if extraterrestrial civilisations are rare, and thus mostly far away, or if they rarely broadcast with a lot of power, they will be found only by selecting promising sources in advance and staring at them for a long time. This is done by the Green Bank Telescope, a large radio dish in West Virginia, for which the Berkeley SETI Research Centre has contracted 20% of the observing time, with Dr Croft as project scientist.

背景知識

在浩渺宇宙中,人類會是孤獨的嗎?與我們同等的智慧生物,如何才能尋到?

著名的英國天體物理學家史蒂芬·霍金,因肌萎縮性側索硬化症去世。他確信:地球之外存在生命,而我們將在本世紀末證實它。外星人獵手們又重新開始行動:美國航空航天局宣布發現了距離地球40光年的另一個太陽系。我們會在那裡發現生命嗎?根據他們的說法,在特拉比斯特-1號恆星周圍發現的七顆行星中,有三顆可能實際具備生命誕生的條件。地外生命的假設在廣泛成為科幻電影的素材之後,如今被許多科學家非常認真地對待。


正文閱讀

Ideas for finding ET are getting more inventive

尋找外星人的想法越來越有創意

This month the VLA (Very Large Array) radio-astronomy observatory in New Mexico will begin sending every bit of data it harvests for astronomers』 research projects to cosmic, a computer cluster dedicated to the search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI). A similar system has been piggybacking on the Meerkat observatory in South Africa since December. Over the next two years, the VLA alone will cast an eye over 40m stars. Computers will also be mining data from past surveys, in radio frequencies and in visible light, for anything that seems both unnatural and not from Earth, says James Davenport, an astronomer at the University of Washington who works with such surveys.

本月,位於新墨西哥州的VLA(甚大陣列射)電天文觀測台將開始把它為天文學家的研究項目收集的每一點數據發送到致力於尋找地外文明的宇宙計算機集群。自去年12月以來,南非的貓鼬天文台也搭載了一個類似的系統。在接下來的兩年裡,光VLA就能觀測到超過4000萬顆恆星。從事此類調查工作的華盛頓大學天文學家詹姆斯·達文波特說,計算機還將從過去的調查中挖掘無線電頻率和可見光中的數據,以尋找任何看起來不自然且不是來自地球的東西。

If there are many technologically advanced civilisations in the galaxy, emitting powerful signals, this might well be the right approach, according to Steve Croft of the University of California, Berkeley. Some of them will then be where users of the VLA happen to be looking. Either that, or they will be close enough to be detectable from existing survey data.

加州大學伯克利分校的史蒂夫·克羅夫特認為,如果銀河系中有許多技術先進的文明發出強大的信號,這很可能是合適的方法。其中一些將成為VLA使用者碰巧關注的對象。要麼如此,要麼它們離得足夠近,可以從現有的調查數據中探測到。

But if extraterrestrial civilisations are rare, and thus mostly far away, or if they rarely broadcast with a lot of power, they will be found only by selecting promising sources in advance and staring at them for a long time. This is done by the Green Bank Telescope, a large radio dish in West Virginia, for which the Berkeley SETI Research Centre has contracted 20% of the observing time, with Dr Croft as project scientist.

但是,如果地外文明很罕見,而且大多在很遠的地方,或者如果他們很少播散大量的能量,那麼只有提前選擇有希望的來源,並長時間地盯著它們,才能發現它們。這是由西維吉尼亞州的大型射電天線綠岸望遠鏡完成的,伯克利SETI研究中心為其承包了20%的觀測時間,克羅夫特博士是項目科學家。


今日單詞

  • ET abbr. 外星人(Extraterrestrial);
  • inventive/ɪnˈventɪv/ adj. 有創造力的,善於創新的;
  • VLA abbr. 射電望遠鏡巨陣(Very Large Array);
  • Very Large Array 甚大陣,甚大天線陣;
  • radio-astronomy /ˌreɪdiəʊ əˈstrɒnəmi/ n. 射電天文學;
  • observatory/əbˈzɜːrvətɔːri/ n. 天文台,氣象台;
  • every bit of 一點一滴,每一點;
  • harvest/ˈhɑːrvɪst/ vt. 收割,收穫;採集,搜集;
  • astronomer/əˈstrɑːnəmər/ n. 天文學家;
  • cosmic/ˈkɑːzmɪk/ adj. 外層空間的,宇宙的;
  • cluster/ˈklʌstər/ n.(人或物的)群;
  • dedicate to 奉獻給,獻身於;
  • extraterrestrial intelligence 地外智慧生物,外星人;
  • piggyback/ˈpɪɡibæk/ vi. 利用,背負;
  • Meerkat observatory 貓鼬天文台;
  • cast/kæst/ vt. 掃視;
  • mine/maɪn/ vt. 開採;
  • radio frequency 無線電頻率;
  • visible light 可見光;
  • technologically/ˌteknəˈlɑːdʒɪkli/ adv. 科技地;技術上地;
  • advanced/ədˈvænst/ adj. 先進的;高級的;
  • civilisation/ˌsɪvələˈzeɪʃ(ə)n/ n. 文明社會;
  • galaxy/ˈɡæləksi/ n. 星系;銀河,銀河系;
  • emit/iˈmɪt/ vt. 發出,射出;
  • happen to 偶然發生,碰巧;
  • detectable/dɪˈtektəb(ə)l/ adj. 可檢測的;可發覺的;
  • extraterrestrial civilisations 地外文明;
  • rare/rer/ adj. 少見的,不常發生的;
  • far away 遙遠地;在遠處;
  • broadcast/ˈbrɔːdkæst/ vi. 散布,傳播(信息等);
  • promising/ˈprɑːmɪsɪŋ/ adj. 有希望的,有前途的;
  • in advance 預先,提前;
  • radio dish 射電拋物面天線;
  • West Virginia 西佛吉尼亞州(美國東部的州名);
  • SETI abbr. 對外星智能的探索(search for extraterrestrial intelligence);


素材來源

文本選自:The Economist(經濟學人)

作者:Unknown

原文發布時間:20 Jan. 2023


每日美句

Wisdom is more to be envied than riches.

知識可羨,勝於財富。

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